CAPEC-697 DHCP Spoofing

An adversary masquerades as a legitimate Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server by spoofing DHCP traffic, with the goal of redirecting network traffic or denying service to DHCP.

DHCP is broadcast to the entire Local Area Network (LAN) and does not have any form of authentication by default. Therefore, it is susceptible to spoofing. An adversary with access to the target LAN can receive DHCP messages; obtaining the topology information required to potentially manipulate other hosts' network configurations. To improve the likelihood of the DHCP request being serviced by the Rogue server, an adversary can first starve the DHCP pool.

1. [Explore] [Determine Exsisting DHCP lease] An adversary observes network traffic and waits for an existing DHCP lease to expire on a target machine in the LAN. 2. [Experiment] [Capture the DHCP DISCOVER message] The adversary captures "DISCOVER" messages and crafts "OFFER" responses for the identified target MAC address. The success of this attack centers on the capturing of and responding to these "DISCOVER" messages. 3. [Exploit] [Compromise Network Access and Collect Network Activity] An adversary successfully acts as a rogue DHCP server by redirecting legitimate DHCP requests to itself.

• The adversary must have access to a machine within the target LAN which can send DHCP offers to the target.

• [Medium] The adversary must identify potential targets for DHCP Spoofing and craft network configurations to obtain the desired results.

• Confidentiality, Access Control: Read Data • Integrity, Access Control: Modify Data, Execute Unauthorized Commands • Availability: Resource Consumption

• Design: MAC-Forced Forwarding • Implementation: Port Security and DHCP snooping • Implementation: Network-based Intrusion Detection Systems