CWE-841 Improper Enforcement of Behavioral Workflow

The product supports a session in which more than one behavior must be performed by an actor, but it does not properly ensure that the actor performs the behaviors in the required sequence or timeframe.

• Other: Alter Execution Logic, Unexpected State — By performing actions in an unexpected order, or by omitting steps, an attacker could manipulate the business logic of the product or cause it to enter an invalid state. In some cases, this can also expose resultant weaknesses with security implications.

• Automated Static Analysis: Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)

• CVE-2011-0348: Bypass of access/billing restrictions by sending traffic to an unrestricted destination before sending to a restricted destination. • CVE-2007-3012: Attacker can access portions of a restricted page by canceling out of a dialog. • CVE-2009-5056: Ticket-tracking system does not enforce a permission setting. • CVE-2004-2164: Shopping cart does not close a database connection when user restores a previous order, leading to connection exhaustion. • CVE-2003-0777: Chain: product does not properly handle dropped connections, leading to missing NULL terminator (CWE-170) and segmentation fault. • CVE-2005-3327: Chain: Authentication bypass by skipping the first startup step as required by the protocol. • CVE-2004-0829: Chain: File server crashes when sent a "find next" request without an initial "find first." • CVE-2010-2620: FTP server allows remote attackers to bypass authentication by sending (1) LIST, (2) RETR, (3) STOR, or other commands without performing the required login steps first. • CVE-2005-3296: FTP server allows remote attackers to list arbitrary directories as root by running the LIST command before logging in.