GitHub Advisoryadvisory · PyPI
GHSA-36fq-jgmw-4r9c Keras is vulnerable to Deserialization of Untrusted Data
HIGH
Official page ↗
- Aliases
- CVE-2025-9906
- Ecosystem
- PyPI
- Packages
- keras
- Severity
- High
- CVSS vector
- CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
- Weaknesses
- CWE-502
- Reviewed
- 2025-09-19
Affected packages
• PyPI keras: < 3.11.0 → fixed in 3.11.0
Description
Arbitrary Code Execution in Keras
Keras versions prior to 3.11.0 allow for arbitrary code execution when loading a crafted `.keras` model archive, even when `safe_mode=True`.
The issue arises because the archive’s `config.json` is parsed before layer deserialization. This can invoke `keras.config.enable_unsafe_deserialization()`, effectively disabling safe mode from within the loading process itself. An attacker can place this call first in the archive and then include a `Lambda` layer whose function is deserialized from a pickle, leading to the execution of attacker-controlled Python code as soon as a victim loads the model file.
Exploitation requires a user to open an untrusted model; no additional privileges are needed. The fix in version 3.11.0 enforces safe-mode semantics *before* reading any user-controlled configuration and prevents the toggling of unsafe deserialization via the config file.
Affected versions: < 3.11.0
Patched version: 3.11.0
It is recommended to upgrade to version 3.11.0 or later and to avoid opening untrusted model files.
Related
Alias · CVE (1)
- CVE-2025-9906 The Keras Model.load_model method can be exploited to achieve arbitrary code execution, even with safe_mode=True. vulnerability
Weakness · CWE (1)
- CWE-502 Deserialization of Untrusted Data weakness
References
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9906 advisory
- https://github.com/keras-team/keras/pull/21429 web
- https://github.com/keras-team/keras/commit/713172ab56b864e59e2aa79b1a51b0e728bba858 web
- https://github.com/keras-team/keras package
- https://github.com/keras-team/keras/releases/tag/v3.11.0 web
- https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/keras/PYSEC-2025-76.yaml web
- https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-9906 web