MITRE ATT&CKsub-technique
T1055.014 VDSO Hijacking
- Domain
- enterprise
- Tactics
- Stealth, Privilege Escalation
- Platforms
- Linux
- Version
- 2.0
- Created
- 2020-01-14
Description
Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via VDSO hijacking in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. Virtual dynamic shared object (vdso) hijacking is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.
VDSO hijacking involves redirecting calls to dynamically linked shared libraries. Memory protections may prevent writing executable code to a process via Ptrace System Calls. However, an adversary may hijack the syscall interface code stubs mapped into a process from the vdso shared object to execute syscalls to open and map a malicious shared object. This code can then be invoked by redirecting the execution flow of the process via patched memory address references stored in a process' global offset table (which store absolute addresses of mapped library functions).
Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via VDSO hijacking may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.
Related
Subtechnique of · MITRE ATT&CK (1)
- T1055 Process Injection technique
Referenced by MITRE ATT&CK · mitigates (1)
- M1040 Behavior Prevention on Endpoint mitigation
Referenced by Compliance · mitigates (7)
- CIS-13.7 Deploy a Host-Based Intrusion Prevention Solution CIS Safeguard v8.1
- NIST-AC-6 Least Privilege NIST 800-53 control
- NIST-SC-18 Mobile Code NIST 800-53 control
- NIST-SC-7 Boundary Protection NIST 800-53 control
- NIST-SI-2 Flaw Remediation NIST 800-53 control
- NIST-SI-3 Malicious Code Protection NIST 800-53 control
- NIST-SI-4 System Monitoring NIST 800-53 control
References
- https://web.archive.org/web/20210205211142/https://backtrace.io/blog/backtrace/elf-shared-library-injection-forensics/ Backtrace VDSO
- https://lwn.net/Articles/604515/ Syscall 2014
- https://web.archive.org/web/20150711051625/http://vxer.org/lib/vrn00.html ELF Injection May 2009
- https://web.archive.org/web/20051013084246/http://www.trilithium.com/johan/2005/08/linux-gate/ VDSO Aug 2005