MITRE ATT&CKsub-technique
T1546.018 Python Startup Hooks
- Domain
- enterprise
- Tactics
- Persistence, Privilege Escalation
- Platforms
- Linux, macOS, Windows
- Version
- 1.0
- Created
- 2025-05-22
Description
Adversaries may achieve persistence by leveraging Python’s startup mechanisms, including path configuration (`.pth`) files and the `sitecustomize.py` or `usercustomize.py` modules. These files are automatically processed during the initialization of the Python interpreter, allowing for the execution of arbitrary code whenever Python is invoked.
Path configuration files are designed to extend Python’s module search paths through the use of import statements. If a `.pth` file is placed in Python's `site-packages` or `dist-packages` directories, any lines beginning with `import` will be executed automatically on Python invocation. Similarly, if `sitecustomize.py` or `usercustomize.py` is present in the Python path, these files will be imported during interpreter startup, and any code they contain will be executed.
Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms to establish persistence on systems where Python is widely used (e.g., for automation or scripting in production environments).
Related
Subtechnique of · MITRE ATT&CK (1)
- T1546 Event Triggered Execution technique
References
- https://docs.python.org/3/library/site.html Python Site Configuration Hook
- https://dfir.ch/posts/publish_python_pth_extension/ DFIR Python Persistence 2025
- https://www.volexity.com/blog/2024/04/12/zero-day-exploitation-of-unauthenticated-remote-code-execution-vulnerability-in-globalprotect-cve-2024-3400/ Volexity GlobalProtect CVE 2024