CWEweakness

CWE-356 Missing User Interaction for Potentially Unsafe Action

Official page ↗
Alternate terms
Human-in-the-Loop, HITL
Abstraction
Base
Structure
Simple
Status
Incomplete
Languages
Not Language-Specific
CWE version
5.0

Description

The product encounters a situation in which some of its behavior is security-critical and should be authorized by a human before progressing, but it does not properly consult with the human user or its proxy (such as UI approval dialogues or pre-set policies) to determine whether it is allowed to perform the potentially dangerous behavior.

Common consequences

• Non-Repudiation: Hide Activities — This makes it easier for attackers to trick users into inflicting damage to their system.

Potential mitigations

• [Architecture and Design] Product systems should warn users that a potentially dangerous action may occur if the user proceeds. For example, if the user downloads a file from an unknown source and attempts to execute the file on their machine, then the application's GUI can indicate that the file is unsafe.

Observed examples

• CVE-2000-0788: Document editor runs macros without asking for user approval. • CVE-2003-0660: OS does not prompt the user to download and install ActiveX controls when the system is low on memory. • CVE-2008-2540: Chain: Web browser does not prompt the user before downloading an object that has an unrecognized content type (CWE-356), leading to untrusted search path (CWE-426) on a different OS. • CVE-2026-10591: AI agentic IDE product for cloud service does not consult the "Human-in-the-Loop" (HITL) in some security-critical decisions, allowing rewrite of its own Model Context Protocol (MCP), leading to configuration change and code execution [REF-1582]. • CVE-2026-33068: AI agentic coding tool trusts a potentially-untrusted configuration input, causing it to skip a "trust confirmation dialog" before conducting potentially dangerous actions. • CVE-2025-59828: Chain: AI agentic coding tool auto-executes Yarn plugins in untrusted directories (CWE-696) before asking the user to approve the action (CWE-356). • CVE-1999-1055: Product does not warn user when document contains certain dangerous functions or macros. • CVE-1999-0794: Product does not warn user when document contains certain dangerous functions or macros. • CVE-2000-0277: Product does not warn user when document contains certain dangerous functions or macros. • CVE-2000-0517: Product does not warn user about a certificate if it has already been accepted for a different site. Possibly resultant. • CVE-2005-0602: File extractor does not warn user if setuid/setgid files could be extracted. Overlaps privileges/permissions. • CVE-2000-0342: Chain: E-mail client allows bypass of warning for dangerous attachments (CWE-356) via a Windows .LNK file that refers to the attachment (CWE-64).

Related

Observed example · CVE (12)

  • CVE-2026-10591 Insufficient access control restrictions in the file write tool in Amazon Kiro IDE before version 0.11 might allow remote unauthenticated… vulnerability
  • CVE-2026-33068 Claude Code is an agentic coding tool. vulnerability
  • CVE-2025-59828 Claude Code is an agentic coding tool. vulnerability
  • CVE-2008-2540 Apple Safari on Mac OS X, and before 3.1.2 on Windows, does not prompt the user before downloading an object that has an unrecognized… vulnerability
  • CVE-2005-0602 Unzip 5.51 and earlier does not properly warn the user when extracting setuid or setgid files, which may allow local users to gain… vulnerability
  • CVE-2003-0660 The Authenticode capability in Microsoft Windows NT through Server 2003 does not prompt the user to download and install ActiveX controls… vulnerability
  • CVE-2000-0788 The Mail Merge tool in Microsoft Word does not prompt the user before executing Visual Basic (VBA) scripts in an Access database, which… vulnerability
  • CVE-2000-0517 Netscape 4.73 and earlier does not properly warn users about a potentially invalid certificate if the user has previously accepted the… vulnerability
  • CVE-2000-0342 Eudora 4.x allows remote attackers to bypass the user warning for executable attachments such as .exe, .com, and .bat by using a .lnk file… vulnerability
  • CVE-2000-0277 Microsoft Excel 97 and 2000 does not warn the user when executing Excel Macro Language (XLM) macros in external text files, which could… vulnerability
  • CVE-1999-1055 Microsoft Excel 97 does not warn the user before executing worksheet functions, which could allow attackers to execute arbitrary commands… vulnerability
  • CVE-1999-0794 Microsoft Excel does not warn a user when a macro is present in a Symbolic Link (SYLK) format file. vulnerability

Child of · CWE (1)

  • CWE-285 Improper Authorization weakness

Peer of · CWE (1)

  • CWE-451 User Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information weakness

Referenced by CVE · weakness (33)

  • CVE-2026-28593 In getItemList of SettingsFragment.java, there is a possible user interaction bypass due to misleading or insufficient UI. vulnerability
  • CVE-2026-0777 Xmind Attachment Insufficient UI Warning Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. vulnerability
  • CVE-2026-25805 Zed is a multiplayer code editor. vulnerability
  • CVE-2025-3839 A flaw was found in Epiphany, a tool that allows websites to open external URL handler applications with minimal user interaction. vulnerability
  • CVE-2025-14402 PDFsam Enhanced DOC File Insufficient UI Warning Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. vulnerability
  • CVE-2025-14403 PDFsam Enhanced Launch Insufficient UI Warning Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. vulnerability
  • CVE-2025-14404 PDFsam Enhanced XLS File Insufficient UI Warning Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. vulnerability
  • CVE-2025-14412 Soda PDF Desktop XLS File Insufficient UI Warning Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. vulnerability
  • CVE-2025-14414 Soda PDF Desktop Word File Insufficient UI Warning Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. vulnerability
  • CVE-2025-14415 Soda PDF Desktop Launch Insufficient UI Warning Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. vulnerability
  • CVE-2025-14416 pdfforge PDF Architect DOC File Insufficient UI Warning Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. vulnerability
  • CVE-2025-14417 pdfforge PDF Architect Launch Insufficient UI Warning Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. vulnerability
  • CVE-2025-14418 pdfforge PDF Architect XLS File Insufficient UI Warning Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. vulnerability
  • CVE-2025-58335 In JetBrains Junie before 252.284.66, 251.284.66, 243.284.66, 252.284.61, 251.284.61, 243.284.61, 252.284.50, 252.284.54, 251.284.54,… vulnerability
  • CVE-2025-0092 In handleBondStateChanged of AdapterService.java, there is a possible permission bypass due to misleading or insufficient UI. vulnerability
  • CVE-2025-3909 Thunderbird's handling of the X-Mozilla-External-Attachment-URL header can be exploited to execute JavaScript in the file:/// context. vulnerability
  • CVE-2025-31334 Issue that bypasses the "Mark of the Web" security warning function for files when opening a symbolic link that points to an executable… vulnerability
  • CVE-2025-2450 NI Vision Builder AI VBAI File Processing Missing Warning Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. vulnerability
  • CVE-2024-4187 Stored XSS vulnerability has been discovered in OpenText™ Filr product, affecting versions 24.1.1 and 24.2. vulnerability
  • CVE-2024-30057 Microsoft Edge for iOS Spoofing Vulnerability vulnerability
  • CVE-2024-3044 Unchecked script execution in Graphic on-click binding in affected LibreOffice versions allows an attacker to create a document which… vulnerability
  • CVE-2024-2609 The permission prompt input delay could expire while the window is not in focus. vulnerability
  • CVE-2022-36970 This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of AVEVA Edge 20.0 Build:… vulnerability
  • CVE-2022-39362 Metabase is data visualization software. vulnerability
  • CVE-2022-35873 This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Inductive Automation Ignition 8.1.15… vulnerability
  • CVE-2019-13322 This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on vulnerable installations of Xiaomi Browser Prior to 10.4.0. vulnerability
  • CVE-2019-17151 This vulnerability allows remote attackers redirect users to an external resource on affected installations of Tencent WeChat Prior to… vulnerability
  • CVE-2019-6736 This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on vulnerable installations of Bitdefender SafePay 23.0.10.34. vulnerability
  • CVE-2019-6737 This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on vulnerable installations of Bitdefender SafePay 23.0.10.34. vulnerability
  • CVE-2019-6738 This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on vulnerable installations of Bitdefender SafePay 23.0.10.34. vulnerability
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